The computer is undoubtedly one of the most advanced and complicated machines created by humans till date. A computer combines a wide variety of parts that are assembled together to give birth to this powerful machine capable of performing some of the most advanced tasks in human history.

When we talk about parts of a computer, we usually think about the monitor, CPU, keyboard, and mouse because these are the parts that are visible to us all the time. But there are a lot of other parts of a computer that play an essential role in the functioning of this device. In this article, we are not only going to discuss the parts of a computer, but we are also going to discuss their functioning. At the end of this article, you will know everything about computer parts and functions. So let’s begin.

Broadly speaking, the parts of a computer can be divided into four major categories: Basic Parts, Input Devices, and Output Devices. We’ll have a look at these parts of a computer individually and discuss their functionality as well.

Basic Parts Of A Computer

Here is the list of all the basic and common PC hardware components and peripherals.

CPU Case

The computer case is a box-shaped structure that serves mainly as a way to physically mount and contain all the actual hardware components inside a computer.

Yes, the outer chassis of a laptop or tablet is also considered a case but since they aren’t purchased separately.

The primary purpose of the computer case is the protect sensitive components like motherboard, processor, and RAM from external factors like dust, air, and water that might harm them.

Another good use of a computer case is to keep the hardware cool. The good airflow over the PC components is one more advantage to using a computer case. The computer case has special vents to allow some of the fan air to escape (hot air), the rest of it can be used to cool down the PC hardware.

It also helps to reduce the noise of computer parts like CPU fans, in a closed space within the case is one way to reduce the noise.

Many users consider a computer case as a CPU, but the CPU is inside the computer case.

There are many types of computer cases that come in different sizes and build.

List of computer case sizes (known as form factor):

• Standard: ATX motherboards Support
• Small Factor: micro-ATX motherboards support.
• Extra Small: Mini-ITX motherboards support.
• Larger Form Factors: ATX and XL-ATX motherboards support.

The power Supply Unit or PSU

As the name suggests, the Power Supply Unit or PSU is used to supply power to the main As the name suggests, the Power Supply Unit or PSU is used to supply power to the main components of the PC. Specifically, a PSU converts the AC mains supply from the wall socket into direct current (DC), and the PSU also regulates the DC output voltage to the fine tolerances required for the computer hardware.

How do I choose the right PSU?

Before choosing the PSU, it is important to make sure it is compatible with the form factor of your computer case and motherboard. Second, the thing you need to consider is the wattage.

Firstly, when choosing a power supply unit, it is important to make sure it is compatible with the form factor of your server case and motherboard. This will ensure it fits within your server. The higher the wattage rating, the more power the PSU can provide to your computer.

So first, you need to calculate how much power your computer components require to run effectively. For example, if the hardware in your PC requires 600V, it would be ideal to buy a 1000 -1200V power supply unit. Most of the PSU has the highest efficiency at ≈50% load. And this extra power also allows for room to extend your computer with further components if needed.

Motherboard

A motherboard can be considered the heart of a PC and almost every part used in the computer is connected directly to the motherboard. The CPU, RAM, Graphics card, Drives, Power supply, and more all get connected to it.

The motherboard function is to integrate all the PC components so they can communicate and operate together. It is also responsible to distribute power to the various computer components.

Motherboards come in different sizes:

• Standard-ATX
• Mini-ITX
• Nano-ITX
• Micro-ATX
• Pico-ITX
• XL-ATX

CPU

Just as a motherboard is the heart of a computer, a CPU is the brain of the computer that processes all the data. The CPU performs calculations, actions, and runs programs. The CPU takes all the information from the RAM and processes it to perform the tasks required from the computer side.

Random Access Memory or RAM

RAM or random access memory is your computer’s short-term data storage. The RAM is also volatile, which means it loses all the stored data when the computer is turned off. It stores the information your computer is actively using so that it can be accessed very quickly. The speed of the RAM is a big factor behind the overall speed of the system, so the more programs your computer is running, the more RAM you’ll need.

Hard Disk (HDD)

A hard drive is a mechanical drive that stores all the data. It is usually installed internally in a PC Case, attached directly to the disk controller of the motherboard. It contains one or more disk platters, housed inside of an air-sealed casing case. The data is written or read on the platters using a magnetic head, which moves rapidly over them as they spin.

Extra Info: HDD drive is connected to the motherboard using a SATA, ATA, and SCSI cable. It is powered by a connection to the computer’s PSU. Apart from storing the user’s personal data, it can also be used as a boot drive to run the operating system from it.

Solid State Drive (SSD)

An SSD (solid-state drive) is a new generation of storage devices used in computers. The SSD is also a type of hard drive, but it doesn’t have any disk or moving parts. The SSD consists of a bank of flash memory that can hold a reasonable amount of info or data, which makes it much faster than a traditional mechanical hard drive.

The SSD is a high-performance drive. It’s faster than HDD and cannot be as easily damaged by dropping.

Graphics Card

A Graphics card is hardware that is used to increase the video memory of a system, and make its display quality more high-definition. The Graphics Card (GPU) makes the computer more powerful and gives it the capacity to do more high-level works.

The graphics card can also be referred to as a video card and it takes all the burden of video tasks from the main processor. This gives a big boost in overall computer performance.

The GPU is very much important for gaming and video editing tasks. Every video game needs a graphics memory to start and it depends on the type of the game.

Types of Graphics Cards:

Integrated GPU: The new generation processor comes with limited graphic memory, which is called the integrated GPU. Most of the users using a computer for standard tasks like web surfing, creating or reading documents or watching movies will be fine using the integrated graphics.

Discrete (External) GPU: An external GPU that is installed onto the motherboard as an extra component. For users branching out into gaming and video editing, an external graphics card is usually needed to speed up the image processing time.

Bluetooth Card

A Bluetooth Card as the name suggests is a card in-built in the computer that helps your computer pair with your smartphone, wireless speakers, and even other computers via the means of Bluetooth connectivity. 

WiFi or Network Card

WiFi is really essential for a computer as it allows your computer to connect to the internet. A WiFI card allows your PC to catch the available WiFi signals and pair them with them.

Basic Input & Output Parts

Monitor

Out of all the output devices available to us, a monitor is probably the most important of all of them essentially because a monitor is responsible for all the output visuals. Once the computer has performed the task successfully, it is the job of a monitor to display it for use by the user. Everything that you are reading right now along with all the texts, videos, images, and GIFs that you see are displayed on the monitor itself.

The monitor technology has evolved tremendously in the past few years as instead of those bulky monitors that we used to see a few years ago have been replaced by LED monitors that do not eat up a lot of space, and they have better visual performance and power efficiency.

Keyboard

The keyboard is perhaps the most important of all input devices, and it is used to feed the computer with data, texts, symbols, and more. There is no fixed keyboard layout that is used all over the world. However, the most common type of keyboard is the one with a QWERTY layout. However, there are several unique keyboards in existence. Additionally, there are a lot of keyboards that feature a dedicated number pad, whereas there are a lot more that do not feature them.

Mouse

We are all familiar with the triangular-shaped pointed structure called cursor that floats on your device’s screen. This cursor is controlled by the mouse or a trackpad on laptops, and it is used to control the various elements visible on your computer screen including applications, and menus.

Over the years, mouses have evolved tremendously, and these days you get different kinds of mouses for different kinds of uses. The most common mouse is the one with two buttons and a scroll wheel. Then you also get gaming mouses that have plenty of buttons, with each button having a particular role that helps during games.

Printer and Scanner

A printer prints the information that you want on a physical piece of paper. A printer is generally used to print texts but it can be also used to print images and more. On the other hand, a scanner is a device that helps in scanning a document or a piece of paper which can then be shared by other entities via different modes.

Webcam

A Web Camera is a device that is used to take photos and videos via your computer. A web camera is of great help to working professionals, and students who need to attend virtual meetings. These days, most laptops come with a pre-installed web camera.

Microphone

A microphone is a device that helps you to record sounds that can be used to converse with others during calls or meetings. Most laptops these days have an in-built microphone that can also be used to activate the voice commands on your device.

Graphics Tablet

Graphics Tablet has picked up immense popularity during the lockdown phase when online classes became more prominent. These graphic tablets are used mainly by teachers and artists, who either have to draw some structures or create art with great precision.

Trackball

A trackball is quite similar to a mouse, and both of them are used for controlling the cursor present on the screen. However, unlike the mouse, we do not move the trackball itself. Instead, we move the ball that then controls the cursor.

Speakers

Operating a computer without any speakers is usually not that fun because you would not be able to listen to any sound that is produced by the computer. A speaker converts the electronic signals into sounds that can be heard by humans. Speakers are generally used to playing music tracks, and hearing the audio while playing videos, movies, or performing any task.

3D Printer

A 3D Printer can be considered to be a 21st-century marvel and it is used for printing real-life objects made out of plastic filaments. 3D printers can be used to print anything ranging from real-life action figures to machine guns, and more.

Projector

A projector is a device that works like a monitor that displays the visuals on a screen of your choice and size. A projector is generally used by professionals during presentations when they have to present their thoughts in front of a large number of people.

Headphones and Earphones

Headphones and Earphones are quite similar to the Speakers, but with a significant difference. When an audio track is being played via the speaker, the audio can be heard by a lot of people unless the audio volume is too less. On the other hand, no matter how high the volume is, the audio played on a headphone or earphones can be heard only by the person wearing them.

Gamepad, Joystick, and Steering Wheel

Gamepads, Joysticks, and Steering Wheel are all devices that are helpful while gaming. Although your gaming needs can be fulfilled well by a keyboard, and mouse, the gaming experience is elevated with these devices.

Conclusion

As it can be seen that in this article, we have tried to explain the parts of a computer and the functioning of these computer parts. In case you are confused about any of these computer parts and their functioning, do let us know, and we would like to help you out.

Also Read:

• Best PC Build Under 100000 Rs
• Best Printers Under 5000 Rs
• 5 Best Laptops Under 60000 Rs

The Post Parts Of A Computer And Their Use, Detail Guide appeared first on Geekman

New and upcoming smartphones in India(2017)

If you are searching a new smartphone to buy, then wait for little time. Current year many smartphones introduce in a global market with some amazing features and powerful specifications. It’s the right time for these smartphones to be launched in the Indian market. Here we list out  Top 10 upcoming smartphones that will surely come to Indian market soon and are worth waiting for.

OnePlus 5

According to rumors, Oneplus 5 launch globally at upcoming June or July with a curved display and much more.

Rumoured Specification:

• 5.5 inches AMOLED 1440 x 2560 pixels full HD display
• Quad Core Snapdragon 835 processor
• 6/8 GB RAM
• 64GB/128GB internal memory
• Android,7.1 Nougat
• 12MP+12MP dual rear camera and 8MP front camera
• 3850 mAH battery
• USB v2.0, Type-C 1.0 reversible connector and more

Nokia 6

The latest report of India today say, the Nokia 6 launch in India only in June. Expected price of Nokia 6 is Rs.16,999.

• Android 7.1.1 (Nougat)
• 5.5-inch 2.5D curved glass display with 450 nits brightness(1920 x 1080 pixels), Corning Gorilla Glass 3 protection
• Octa-Core Qualcomm Snapdragon 430 64-bit processor with Adreno 505 GPU
• 3GB / 4GB LPDDR3 RAM
• 32GB / 64GB internal storage with expandable up to 128GB with microSD
• 16MP rear camera with dual-tone LED flash, PDAF, 1.0um sensor, f/2.0 aperture
• 8MP front-facing camera, 1.12um sensor, f/2.0 aperture, 84˚ wide-angle lens
• Dual SIM
• Fingerprint sensor
• 4G LTE, WiFi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth 4.1, GPS, USB OTG
• 3000mAh built-in battery

Xiaomi Mi 6

Xiomi just introduces it’s latest flagship smartphone ‘ Mi 6 ‘ in china. According to a report, MI 6 sold out within 5 seconds in China. This Mi phone coming to the Indian store in June mid week. Xiaomi Mi 6 available in two variants, the 4GB RAM with 64GB internal storage version available at 2499 yuan (Rs. 23,500 approx.) and 6GB RAM with 128GB storage version available at 2899 yuan (Rs. 27,500 approx.). There is also ceramic body version with price tag 2999 yuan (Rs. 28,500 approx.).

• Android 7.1.1 Nougat with MIUI 8
• 5.15-inch Full HD display with 600 nits brightness(1920×1080 pixels)
• 2.45GHz Octa-Core Snapdragon 835 64-bit 10nm processor with Adreno 540 GPU
• 6GB LPDDR4x RAM with 64GB / 128GB (UFS) internal storage
• 12MP+12MP rear camera with 1.25μm pixel size, f/1.8 aperture, dual-tone LED flash, 4-axis OIS, 4K video recording
• 8MP front-facing camera
• Splash resistant
• Ultrasonic  Fingerprint sensor, Infrared sensor
• Dual SIM (nano + nano)
• Stereo speakers
• 4G LTE, WiFi 802.11ac dual-band (2×2 MU-MIMO ), Bluetooth 5.0, GPS/GLONASS/Beidou, NFC, USB Type-C
• Dimensions: 145.17x 70.49×7.45 mm; Weight: 168g / 182g (ceramic)
• 3350mAh battery with Qualcomm Quick Charge 3.0, 18W fast charging

Nokia 5

The Nokia 5 coming to India with three more devices Nokia 3, Nokia 3310 and Nokia 6 in next month for approximate price Rs Rs.13,990. Nokia 5 available in 4 colors variants with single SIM and dual SIM options. On the design front, it looks very stylish and premium with a seamless aluminum unibody. This one is a perfect example of 3D shape, is made from a single piece of precision-milled aluminum with great care in order to give the phone added durability.

• Android 7.1.1
• 5.2-inch HD sculpted Corning Gorilla Glass display with 1280 x 720 pixels resolutions
• 1.2 GHz Snapdragon 430 Octa-Core Processor
• 2GB RAM With 16GB ROM
• 16GB of internal storage that can be expanded up to 128GB via a microSD
• 13MP Rear Camera With Dual Tone LED Flash
• 8MP Front Camera
• Dual SIM
• 4G VoLTE/WiFi, GPS, Bluetooth, USB OTG, 3G and 4G and NFC.
• Dolby Digital
• Fingerprint sensor
• 3000mAh Battery

Nokia 3

The Nokia 3 comes to India with his other brothers Nokia 5 and Nokia 6 on next month. Nokia 3 available in four colors Silver White, Matte Black, Tempered Blue, and Copper White with price Rs.9900 approx. The New Nokia 3 feature a solid polycarbonate body and on the sides company use an aluminum frame for good look.

• Android 7.0 Nougat
• 5-inch 1280 x 720 pixels HD 2.5D sculpted Corning Gorilla Glass display
• 1.3GHz Quad-core MediaTek MT6737 64-bit Processor with Mali T720 MP1 GPU
• 2GB RAM
• 16GB internal memory (expandable memory up to 128GB with microSD)
• Dual SIM
• 8MP autofocus rear camera with LED Flash
• 8MP autofocus front-facing camera
• 4G LTE, WiFi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth 4.0, GPS
• 3.5mm audio jack, FM Radio
• Dimensions: 143.4 x 71.4 x 8.48 mm
• 2650mAh battery

Sony Xperia XZ Premium

The Sony Xperia Premium is world’s first smartphone with Snapdragon 835 SoC and a 5.5-inch 4K HDR display.  This phone available in Luminous Chrome and Deepsea Black colors and will be available from July 2017 (probably) in India. If you searching for good looking smartphones with amazing camera quality and performance, then wait.

• Android 7.1 Nougat
• 5.5-inch 4K HDR TRILUMINOS Display with Corning Gorilla Glass 5 protection(3840 x 2160 pixels)
• Octa-Core Snapdragon 835 processor with Adreno 540 GPU
• 4GB RAM
• 64GB internal memory (expandable memory with microSD card)
• 19MP rear camera with Exmos RS sensor, 1/2.3″ sensor, f/2.0 lens, Predictive capture, 5-axis stabilization, 4K video recording, 960fps slow-motion video
• 13MP front-facing camera with 1/3″ Exmor RS sensor, 22mm wide-angle f/2.0 lens, 1080p video recording
• Dual SIM
• DSEE HX, LDAC, Digital Noise Cancelling
• Water Resistant (IP65/IP68)
• Fingerprint sensor
• 4G LTE, WiFi 802.11 ac (2.4GHz / 5GHz) MIMO, Bluetooth 4.2, GPS/ GLONASS, NFC, USB Type-C
• Dimensions: 156 x 77 x 7.9 mm; Weight: 195 grams
• 3230mAh Battery with Qualcomm Quick Charge 3.0

HTC U

HTC just announced that it will introduce a new smartphone ‘ HTC U ‘ on May 16th. We expect to launch this smartphone in India within 1-2 week after global launch.

HTC U rumored specifications

• Android 7.1 (Nougat) with HTC Sense 9 UI
• 5.5-inch Quad HD display (1440 x 2560 pixels)
• Octa-core Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 with Adreno 540 GPU
• 4GB RAM
• 64/128GB internal storage (expandable memory up to 2TB with microSD)
• 12MP rear camera with dual-tone LED flash, IMX362 sensor, OIS, 4K video recording
• 16MP front-facing camera with Sony IMX351 sensor
• Single / Dual SIM
• Water and dust resistant (IP57)
• Fingerprint sensor
• 4G LTE, WiFi 802.11 ac,Bluetooth 4.2 and GPS with GLONASS, NFC, USB 3.1 Type-C

Also read Best smartphone under 20000 Rs, Best smartphone under 10000 Rs.

Samsung Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8+ launched for Rs. 57900 and Rs. 64900

Please check our other articles: Best power bank under 1000 Rs, Best earphones under 1000 Rs.

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